The world's first adhesive postage stamp was introduced in May 1840. It was the brainchild of Rowland Hill (later Secretary to The Post Office), who in a pamphlet entitled `Post Office Reform' set the wheels in motion for the birth of the one penny prepaid post. Before this there existed a complex and inefficient system of tariffs where the recipient paid a rate calculated on the distance travelled by the letter or package.

Such was the success of Hill's uniform, weight-based postal system that within just 40 years of the first Penny Black, more than 150 countries had followed his lead and established similar systems. Excellence in design and production was a priority from the start and Hill even took the trouble to research an assortment of print methods which led to the development of a new `rotary' process. Security, to reduce the risk of forgery, has always been a prime concern, too, and Hill set a competition for the design of what he called `inimitable' stamps. For the first century of the British stamp's life most designs were simple and effective and have become known as Definitives. Today these everyday stamps are the simplest in design bearing the Monarch's head and the stamp's value or class of postage. The profile of the Monarch is a three-dimensional relief by the sculptor Arnold Machin. Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland have their own version of the Definitive, for example, Scotland's includes an illustration of a lion rampant. The first stamps designed specifically to commemorate a major event appeared in 1924 to celebrate the British Empire Exhibition. This `special' issue was followed in subsequent decades by a handful of others to mark important events and anniversaries, but it wasn't until the 1960s that the regular issue of Specials was established. The Specials have more recently been joined by Greetings Stamps.

 


American Philatelic Society
Canadian Post
German Post AG
 
Linn's Stamp News
   

National Postal Museum
PACIFIC 97
 
     

Joseph Luft's Philatelic Resources
 
Stanley Gibbons
United States Stamp Co.